初三英語第二十三單元

英語寫作指導
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科目英語

年級初三

文件　middle3

標題 The football match

章節第二十三單元

關鍵詞

內容

教學目標

3.語法

過去完成時表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經發生或完成的動作;

過去完成時由 “助動詞had (用於各種人稱和數)+過去分詞”構成.

教學重點與難點

’s a long time since we met last!

It’s … since …句型中的It指的是時間, 可以説It has been … since …, 但習慣上常説It’s … since ….

It’s half an hour since the film began.

電影開始有半小時了.

It’s an hour since he fell asleep.

他睡着有一個小時了.

It’s three years since his father died.

他父親去世有三年了.

It’s two months since he left home.

他離家已有兩個月了.

It’s three days since he came back.

他回來已三天了.

ney與travel都有 “旅行”的意思, 具體用法如下:

journey通常指 “在陸地上由某一地點到另一地點的旅行”,

也指 “旅行的路程”, 是個比較正式的用語.

Did you have a good journey?

你旅行愉快嗎?

It’s a 300-mile journey.

這次旅程為300英里.

travel泛指旅行、遊歷, 尤指國外旅行, 但無路程的含義.

He came home after five years of foreign travel.

他在國外旅遊了5年才回家.

He is fond of travel.

他喜歡旅遊.

in time for sth. 來得及趕上…

You are just in time for the football match.

你剛好來得及趕上足球比賽.

I was just in time for the flight.

我剛好來得及趕上那班飛機.

指全隊時是單數, 若指隊裏的每一個隊員則是複數;

與team用法一樣的還有class, family等.

The team has already been chosen.

隊伍已經被挑選好了.

Our team are wearing blue socks.

我們隊的每一個隊員都穿蘭色的短襪.

The class has elected its head.

班裏已經選出班長.

The class are very bright.

這班學生很聰明.

My family is going to move.

我家要遷居了.

His family are waiting for him.

他的家人正在等他.

er … or … 或者…或者…

Either do it at once or don’t do it at all.

要麼馬上就幹, 要麼乾脆不幹.

Does he know either English or Russian?

他懂英語還是俄語?

【注意】

1)當either … or連接並列主語時, 其謂語動詞形式與鄰近的主語保持一致.

Either he or I am going to help you with your English.

不是他就是我會幫助你學習英文的.

2)either … or …連接兩個單數名詞時用單數代詞與名詞呼應,

若連接兩個複數名詞時, 就用複數形式的代詞來呼應.

Either Mary or her sister left her umbrella here.

不是瑪麗就是她的姐姐把傘丟在這裏了.

Either the Wangs or the Lees will sell their house.

不是王家就是李家要出售房屋.

3)either … or …如果連接的名詞有單數也有複數, 要將複數形式的名詞放在後面, 用複數形式的代詞與其呼應.

Either Mary or her sisters will take care of their old father in hospital.

不是瑪麗就是她的姐妹們來照顧她們住在醫院裏的老父親.

er pron. (兩者之中)任何一個either of + 人稱代詞 / 複數名詞 (該複數名詞前必須用一個限定詞, 如物主代詞、指示代詞或冠詞)

Either of …作主語時, 謂語動詞一般用單數形式.

Either of them / the children is good at swimming.

這兩個孩子都擅長於游泳.

【注意】neither of … 的用法同上.

Neither of them / the children is on the team.

他們兩個都不在隊裏.

的用法

such作為形容詞意思是 “如此的”, “這樣的”, 修飾各種名詞.

Have you ever seen such a foolish man?

你見過這樣愚蠢的人嗎?

It’s such an important match.

這場比賽是那麼重要.

It’s such bad weather.

天氣如此惡劣.

such … that和so … that都可用來引出一個結果狀語從句, 由於such是形容詞, 所以that從句前有一個受such修飾的名詞;

而so是副詞, 用以修飾形容詞或副詞, 因此that從句前一般不出現名詞.

They are such kind-hearted teachers that people in the village all respect them.

他們都是非常熱心的老師, 村裏的人都尊敬他們.

The exam was so difficult that many students failed to pass it.

考試很難, 許多人沒及格.

【注意】

如果名詞是可數名詞的單數形式, 例如: It was such a hot day that … , 句子可轉換成: It was so hot a day that …, 注意詞序的變化.

但是如果名詞是複數或不可數名詞, 則不能轉換. 如: They are such good comrades that … 和It was such bad weather that … 就不能轉換成so … that …句型. 如要轉換, 就一定要把名詞用作主語. 注意以下轉換方式:

She is such a lovely girl that we all like her.

= She’s so lovely a girl that we all like her.

= The girl is so lovely that we all like her.

她是個非常可愛的女孩, 我們都喜歡她.

It was such bad weather that we had to stay home.

= The weather was so bad that we had to stay home.

天氣如此惡劣, 我們只好呆在家裏.

st的用法

almost常與never, no, none, nothing, nobody, every, everything和

everybody連用, 當almost修飾no時相當於hardly any.

There were almost no / hardly any people at the concert.

幾乎沒人去聽音樂會.

He has done almost nothing / hardly anything today.

今天他幾乎什麼也沒幹.

Almost everybody went to see it.

幾乎所有人都去看了.

almost有時可以修飾名詞、形容詞或動詞, 表示 “差一點”.

Before this match we were almost top of the league.

在這場比賽前, 我們差一點就是聯賽冠軍.

Our cat understands everything. She’s almost human.

我們的貓什麼都懂, 幾乎跟人一樣.

I almost think you are right.

我差一點認為你是對的.

Tom almost passed the exam.

Tom差一點及格.

I almost fell off my bike.

我幾乎從自行車上摔下來.

We were almost there when our car broke down.

我們差一點要到那兒了, 突然我們的汽車出故障了.

的用法

在下列例句中, top有不同的意思.

The word is on page 5, third line from the top.

這個單詞愛第5頁, 上面第三行.

On the top of the mountain grows a tall old tree.

山頂上長着一棵高大的古樹.

He shouted at the top of his voice.

他高聲大喊.

Tom sat at the top of the table.

Tom坐在台面上.

She is the top student in her class.

她是她班上成績最好的學生.

10win和beat的不同之處.

Win的賓語一般表示比賽、競賽、戰爭等的名詞, beat的賓語一般是表示人的名詞.

In the end we won the match / game.

最後我們贏得這場比賽的勝利.

We know it will be difficult for us to beat them.

我們知道我們將很難打敗他們.

/ make sth ready準備…

I got my football clothes ready.

我把球衣準備好.

She is getting the dinner ready.

她正在準備晚餐.

on doing

※ keep on doing表示“繼續不停地做某事”, “堅持不懈地做某事”,

The farmers kept on working in the fields when it began to rain.

下雨的時候, 農民們還不停地在地裏勞動.

I kept on thinking about the match in the afternoon.

我老是想下午比賽的事情.

keep doing表示 “反覆地做某事”, 即多是表示重複性較強的動作.

She kept coughing all night.

她整夜咳嗽.

Keep passing the ball to each other.

相互之間注意要不停地傳球.

【注意】以上兩個短語在許多時候可以互換.

Edison kept (on) asking questions that were not about the texts.

Edison老是問與課文無關的問題.

Don’t keep (on) doing such foolish things.

不要老是做這樣的傻事.

13.動詞end

end可以用作不及物動詞或及物動詞, 做不及物動詞用時, 相當於be over, 作及物動詞用時意思接近於finish.

The Second World War ended in 1945.

第二次世界大戰於1945年結束.

After the meeting ended (= was over), I had a few words with the headmaster.

會議結束後, 我與校長談了一會兒話.

We must do something to end such a thing.

我們必須採取措施以結束這樣的事情.

He ended (=finished) the letter with good wishes to the family.

在信的結尾, 他向全家問候.

14. against prep. (表示反對、敵對)與…相反, 與…對抗,

We were playing against No. 64 Middle School.

我們和64中學打比賽.

We must fight against the enemy.

我們必須和敵人做鬥爭.

This is a war against poverty.

這是一場與貧窮的搏鬥.

n. (競賽等的)不分勝負

The match ended in a draw.

那場比賽最後不分勝負.

It was a draw when we played against them last time.

上次和他們比賽時, 我們彼此不分勝負.

/ feel afraid of + sth. / doing sth. / to do sth.

Are you afraid of dogs / the dark?

你怕狗/ 黑暗嗎?

We felt a little afraid of them.

我們有點兒怕他們.

I’m afraid of flying / to fly in an airplane.

我怕坐飛機.

sure to do …一定會…的, 必定…的

He is sure to call you up.

他準會給你打電話的.

It’s sure to be fair today.

今天天氣一定會晴朗.

We are sure to beat them.

我們一定能打敗他們.

hard to do … (人, 物)難做的 (do是及物動詞, 或動詞後面附介詞)

This book is hard to understand.

= It’s hard to understand this book.

這本書很難理解.

He is hard to get along with.

= It’s hard to get along with him.

他很難相處.

Some of them were very hard to stop when they got the ball.

= It was hard to stop some of them when they got the ball.

當他們得到球時, 很難阻擋他們.

y in the first half of the match, he kicked a goal.

在上半場一開始, 他就射進了一個球.

half n. [C ] (比賽等的)前半, 後半.

goal n. [ C ] (足球等的)球門, (踢進球門得到的)得分

He kicked the ball into the goal.

他把球踢進球門.

We beat them by three goals to two.

我們以3:2擊敗了他們.

They have won / scored a goal.

他們已經得了1分.

conj. 依照…, 如…, 隨…

We did as our P.E teacher told us and we won the first place in the league.

我們按照我們的體育老師説的做, 這樣我們贏得了聯賽的第一.

I’ll do as you advise.

我會按照你的忠告去做.

Please try to pronounce the word as I do.

請試着跟我發這個單詞的音.

She stayed in bed as the doctor had ordered.

他依照醫生的吩咐卧牀休息.

Leave it as it is.

(把它)維持原狀好了.

Now do as I did just now.

現在按照我剛才做的進行.

er的用法

rather和quite同樣都可以用來修飾名詞, 通常置於冠詞之前, 但

名詞前有形容詞時, 可以接在不定冠詞a, an之後.

It was rather a cold day.

= It was a rather cold day.

那是個相當寒冷的日子.

They are rather a strong team.

= They are a rather strong team.

他們是一支相當強的隊伍.

同步練習

I. 找出喊有題前劃線部分發音的單詞.

1. mouth A. youth B. group C. south D. enough

2. prefer aps B. person C. ruler erful

3. among A. angry ade ing D. cinema

4. kings A. months B. rocks C. groups ades

5. play A. pain B. said C. says ain

Ⅱ用所給單詞的適當形式填空.

the end of the match, they had kicked two ________ . (goal)

are rather a ________ team, aren’t they ? (strongly)

the ball as ________ as you can. (quick)

r team is weaker than ________ . (we)

sun is shining ________ . (bright)

match is one of ________ matches of this year. (important)

III. 綜合選擇

’s ________ kind woman that everybody likes her.

a B. a suchC. so a D. a so

he doesn’t do it, I ________ .

’t tooB. won’t tooC. won’t eitherD. don’t either

3.I’m sorry I’ve kept you ________ for so long.

ingB. waitC. to waitD. waited

thought little about ________ I had said.

hB. whatC. thatD. where

5.I’m sure that their team will ________ ours.

B. winC. takeD. fail

train ________ when I ________ to the station.

, got

left, got

, had got

left, was getting

7.I saw two films last night and ________ was good enough.

B. neitherC. bothD. every

e will they meet, outside the zoo ________ inside the park?

. orC. norD. but

y there’s only one seat left. ________ you ________ she can

have it.

er, or B. Neither, norC. Both, andD. Not, but

10.________, Xiao Ming hurried to school.

r a quick breakfast

r quick breakfast

r eating quickly breakfast

kly after eating breakfast

said He ________ to Australia.

never been

never gone

never been

r went

12.________ the end of the second half we had kicked six goals.

. InC. OnD. By

was very hot yesterday. But it is ________ today.

hotter

more hot

hot

told me she found Jack a happy boy ________ .

B. to workC. to work withD. worked with

wrote me to say that He ________ a lot of money in Britain

in the last three years.

madeB. madeC. would makeD. was making

was ________ bad weather that we all had to stay inside.

B. soC. ratherD. such

long ________ you last saw her?

it when

it after

it that

it since

is always ready ________ when we ask him to have a game of

football.

playB. playsC. playingD. and play

all felt ________ not very difficult to learn the passage by heart.

selvesB. thisC. thatD. it

boys all went for a swim ________.

r school

r the school

r the school ended

r schools

Ⅳ閲讀理解

One afternoon after school had finished, Peter and Jane were walking along the street. Suddenly they heard a big noise.

“Come on!” shouted Peter. “That sounds like an accident. Let’s see what’s happened.”

They ran to where the noise came from. As soon as they got there, they could see what had happened. A small car had knocked into the side of a truck. The accident had happened in a quiet street with only four houses in it. Peter and Jane were the first ones to reach the accident. No other people came. “We must be the only ones who saw the accident,” said Jane. They found that both the car driver and the truck driver were hurt .

“Peter,” said Jane, “run back down the road to Mrs Day’s house. Ask her to call the policemen and the ambulance (救護車). Hurry, I’ll stay here.”

Off went Peter as fast as he could.

There was nothing Jane could do but wait. She knew that when people were hurt in an accident, they shouldn’t be moved.

It wasn’t long before the police car and the ambulance arrived. The policemen got the car door open and they carried the man out. Then they got the truck out. The men weren’t seriously hurt, but they were both taken to hospital. The policemen thanked Peter and Jane. “You were very good children to act so quickly when you saw the accident. Thank you for all your help.”

根據短文內容, 選擇最恰當的答案

accident happened ________ .

a quiet street one school day afternoon

a busy street one school day afternoon

a quiet street one Sunday afternoon

a busy street one Sunday afternoon

2.________ in the accident.

the car driver was hurt

the truck driver was hurt

her of the two drivers was hurt

the drivers were hurt

did nothing before the policemen arrived because ________.