Unit 4 Were going to word on a farm 示例三

參考教案 教學建議 教學建議（Suggested teaching notes）

一、教學內容分析

（一）本單元圍繞“談論未來活動”（Talking about future activities）開展聽説讀寫的教學活動。書中設置了三個情景：談明天將要幹些什麼事；談將去商店買什麼東西；談下星期去農場勞動。三段對話自然引出了be going to這個結構，包括各種人稱的各種句型：陳述句的肯定式和否定式，一般疑問句和特殊疑問句及其答語。

（二）另一重點為形容詞比較等級的規則變化和不規則變化（good，better，best）。

（三）語音重點為與單元音[u:]和[u]以及雙元音[(+]有關的拼讀規則。

二、教學方法建議

（一）教學be going to結構

就形式而言，這個結構近似go的現在進行時，因此難度不大。但是，要幫助學生建立起時態的概念需費一番功夫。建議通過以下的步驟教學 be going to:

1．用現在進行時與將來時比較的方法介紹這個新的結構。例如：教師問 What are you doing now？並板書這個問句。學生答： We're having an English class．教師説：Right．What are you going to do this afternoon？在黑板上把前面那個問句改變成這個問句，讓學生猜這個句子的意思，並啟發學生回答： We're going to have two classes this after- noon．板書這個答語。此時，教師可簡單説明 are going to的含義。然後，教師向單個學生髮問，引導學生説 I'm going to…。接着，教師問 What is he/she going to do？引導學生説 He/ She is going to…。

2． 用時間線（Timeline）來表示兩個時態的差別，例如：I'm having an English lesson now． I'm going to have two Chinese lessons this afternoon．

要提醒學生注意，當表示説話時刻以後將要發生的動作或狀態時，在英語中需用動詞將來時態，在口語中常用“be going to +動詞原形”結構。

3．當學生理解了 be going to結構所表示的意義後，就可以進行句型的操練。例如：

1) A：I'm going to play basketball this afternoon. What about you?

B：I'm not going to play games. I'm going to fly kites.

2) A：Bob, are you going to play football with us this afternoon?

B：Yes, I am.

A：What about Sam?

B：No, he isn't.

在操練的基礎上逐步歸納 be going to的各種句式，並列表以幫助學生理解和記憶：

4．設置情景，增加練習，可提出一系列將來時間為話題引起討論，如this evening， to- morrow, the day after tomorrow，next year等等。也可以圍繞幹某件事（task）進行對話，如 do some housework/clean the house/bedroom/mend my bike/car/clock；see/meet my grandparents/uncle/friend（s）/teacher（s）； do shopping/buy a pen/a dress/a pair of shoes等等。在練習中注意運用特殊疑問句，如：What are you going to do/buy…？ How many…are you going to get/buy/cook…？ How much… are you going to buy？ Who's going to do it/help you？ Which… are you going to have/ buy？ When/Where are we going to meet？How are we going to get there？

（二）形容詞比較等級的不規則變化本單元只教學 good一詞。它的比較級是better，最高級是best。可結合第14課第2部分的內容，以對話方式練習如下：

A：Here are three cups.

B：The first one is good.

A：The second one is better than the first one.

B：The third one is the best of all.

A：Which one are you going to buy?

B：I'm going to buy the best one.

A：But I'm going to get the first one. It's good and the cheapest.

A：Look! There are three blouses here. Which is the best?

B：The first one. It's the dearest.

A：The third one is the cheapest. But it's good.

B：The second one is dearer than the third (one). It's better, I think.

下面的練習也有助於鞏固 good，better，best的用法：

A：A cup of tea is better for you than a bottle of orange.

B：I think a glass of water is the best.

A：Your English is better than mine.

B：His is the best.

Who is the best student in the class?

Who is your best friend?

不妨用聽寫的方式，教學一首短詩：

Good, better, best,

Never let it rest,

Till good is better,

And better best.

（三）本單元的閲讀練習是第15課第1部分的對話。閲讀的材料既可以是短文，也可以是對話。讓學生閲讀各種文體的材料，有利於閲讀能力的培養。具體教學方法見英語的分課教學步驟第15課第2和3步。

《閲讀訓練》第四單元有一篇短文 Mr Going-to-Do 和一段對話。短文既結合語法重點be going to，又有教育意義。讀後可由學生改為對話並表演。對話帶有物理實驗的內容，可在教室或讓學生回去照此實驗，還可讓他們變對話為短文，進行口筆頭練習。

（四）語音教學根據本單元出現的拼讀規則，讓學生明確元音字母組合oo有兩種讀音：短元音[u] 和長元音[u:]，可增加比較練習如下：

從上面的例詞中可以看出oo 在字母k[k]前讀[u]；在l[l]， m[m]， n[n] 前讀[u:]。

字母u的拼讀規則也可在本單元總結出來：

1．在開音節中讀[u:]或[ju:]：

[u:] blue clue flue glue rue

lune crude flute jute rude

[ju:] cue due hue sue fume

cube duke huge tune

2．在閉音節中讀[)]（例詞見第三單元第12課），也可讀[u]。如：

[u] full pull push put bull bush

參考教案 Unit 4 Were going to word on a farm 教學步驟 Lesson 14 示例三

Lesson 14

Step 1 Revision

1 Check the homework.

2 Revise be going to by asking Ss about their plans for this evening, next Sunday, etc.

3 Ask individual Ss to open the door, close the window and do other classroom duties. As they stand up to obey, ask What're you going to do? Then ask the class What's he/she going to do?

Step 2 Presentation

Show a flashcard of some oranges(or bring in the real thing).

Say I'm going to the shops today. I'm going to buy some oranges.

Repeat. Ss listen and repeat.

Explain that I'm going to the shops is a quick way of saying I'm going to go to the shops.

Show flashcards of other food(e. g. rice) and get the Ss to say I'm going to the shops today. I'm going to buy some rice.

Step 3 Practice

Get the Ss to make a shopping list of four items for supper. Ask individual Ss What are you going to buy? Then Ss can ask and answer in pairs.

Step 4 Read and act

SB page 14, Part 1. Read through the questions in Wb Lesson 14, Ex. 1, and then let the Ss read the dialogue silently to find the answers. Explain that get =buy and Why not? is another way of saying Good idea! Note that a few means some, not many. Speech Cassette Lesson 14. Play the tape, then practise the dialogue with the Ss.

Divide the class into two groups to practise similar dialogues using pens and pears. Then Ss work in pairs. Ask some pairs to act out their dialogues. See who can do it without books!

Step 5 Presentation

Revise the comparative and superlative forms, using small pieces of paper：

This piece of paper is small. This is smaller. This is the smallest of all.

Draw three sets of oranges on the Bb, with a different(cheap) price on each.

Point to the highest price and say These oranges are cheap. These are cheaper. These are the cheapest of all. Make sure the Ss understand cheap.

Repeat. Ss listen and repeat.

Make the prices higher, and practise with dear in the same way.

Now point to the oranges, starting with the cheapest, and say These oranges are good. These are better. These are the best of all.

Practise the sentences by saying an adjective(e. g. good) and getting the Ss to point to each set of oranges as they say the appropriate sentence.

Step 6 Practise

SB page 14, Part 2. Read through the sentences with the Ss. Ask Which pen/oranges/cake are they going to buy? HELP THE Ss to guess, using I think they are going to buy the cheapest one(s)/ the best one.

Step 7 Workbook

Wb Lesson 14, Exx. 2 and 3.

Do Ex. 2 orally first, then in writing. Revise the rules concerning double letters. big-bigger is the only example here. Pay attention to adjectives ending in -y, e. g. early-earlier.

Ex. 3 may be done with the whole class at first and then as pairwork.

Homework

Finish off the Workbook exercises.

Do Wb Lesson 14, Ex. 1. Write down the answers in the exercise books.

參考教案 Unit 4 Were going to word on a farm 教學步驟 Lesson 15 示例三

Lesson 15

Step 1 Revision

1 Check the homework： get several pairs of Ss to do Ex. 1 in Wb Lesson 14.

2 Practise the dialogue in SB Page 14, Part 1, using other vocabulary(e. g. items of clothing).

Step 2 Reading

SB page 15, Part 1. Tell the Ss that Li Lei's class are going to work on a farm. Ask How are they going to the farm? Let the Ss read the dialogue silently to find the answer.

Let the Ss work in pairs to answer the questions in SB page 15, Part 2. Go through the answers and get the Ss to guess the meaning of pick apples and on the road. Explain that Only some school work is short for I'm only going to do some school work and that It's much better than having classes means that Jim is very happy because he is not going to go to school next week!

Difficult phrases and sentences can be translated into Chinese.

Step 3 Acting

Speech Cassette Lesson 15. Play the tape. Listen and repeat, then practise the dialogue in pairs. Teach the Ss how to read dramatic dialogue. They look at the book before they speak each line, but look at their partner as they speak. In this way they can use facial expressions and gestures more effectively. Get some pairs to act out the dialogue.

Step 4 Listening

Wb Lesson 15, Ex. 1. Listening Cassette Lesson 15, Part 3. As usual, play the tape at least three times before asking the students to complete the sentences in the Wb.

Listening text:

WEI HUA：Hi, Lucy! Are you going to come with us tomorrow?

LUCY： Where to?

WEI HUA：We're going to work on a farm.

LUCY： Really? Great! I'd love to come. What are we going to do?

WEI HUA：We're going to help the farmers to pick pears.

LUCY： Pears! Great! I love pears!

WEI HUA：We're going to pick them, not eat them!

LUCY： How are we getting there?

WEI HUA：By bus. We're going to meet outside the school gate.

LUCY： OK! When are we going to meet?

WEI HUA：We're going to meet at 7：20. OK? Oh, put on your oldest clothes!

LUCY： 7:20 in my oldest clothes. OK! See you! Bye!

WEI HUA：Bye!

The answers are:1 farm, 2 pears, 3 bus,4 the school gate, 7:20, 5 their oldest clothes.

Step 5 Workbook

Wb Lesson 15, Exx. 2 and 3.

Do Ex. 2 orally first, then get the Ss to write in the answers.

The answers are： are/is, going, help, with, pick, much, is, early, outside, not, by ,old, work.

Ask them to work in pairs to prepare six questions on the passage, using the questions in SB page 15, Part 2 as a model.

Ex. 3 can also be done in pairs, like this：

A：I am going to help Mother wash clothes on Sunday. I am not going to see my friend.

B：Are you going to see your friend on Sunday?

A：No, I'm not.

B：Are you going to help Mother wash clothes?

A：Yes, I am.

Homework

Revise the dialogue in SB page 15, Part 1.

Revise the be going to structure and the comparative and superlative forms of adjectives.

Do Wb Ex. 3 as written homework.

參考教案 Unit 4 Were going to word on a farm 教學步驟 Lesson 16 示例三

Lesson 16

Step 1 Revision

Books closed! Revise the story in SB page 15, Part 1. Ask the questions in SB page 15, Part 2.

Step 2 Word families

SB page 16, Part 1. Speech Cassette Lesson 16.

Practise the pronunciation of these words. Pay special attention to the/u/ sound: make sure the Ss do not prolong it. Use flashcards to practise the words in the usual way. /(+/is a new sound. (See Appendix Ⅱ in TB1.)

Wb Lesson 16, Ex. 1. The answers are： good, book, Who, Sue.

Ask the Ss to distinguish/u/from/u:/when reading what Polly says.

Step 3 Stress and intonation

SB page 16, Part 2. Speech Cassette Lesson 16.

Get the Ss to show the stress and intonation with gestures as they say these sentences.

Step 4 Presentation

Ask a student of his/her plans for one day next week. Get other Ss to ask questions about other days. Then ask e. g. Can he/she go shopping on Tuesday? Help the Ss to reply No, he/she can't.

He's/She's going to play basketball.

Pairwork：Ss write down their plans for next week, then ask their partner Can you go shopping on Friday? etc.

Step 5 Ask and answer

Wb Lesson 16, Ex. 2. Ss ask two friends about their plans for next week. Get some Ss to report their answers.

Step 6 Checkpoint 4

Go through the be going to sentences and the adjective forms in Checkpoint 4. Explain any difficulties that the Ss raise. Review the expressions in Checkpoint 4(See page 17 of the TB.)

Step 7 Test

Write this dialogue on the Bb and get the Ss to copy it and fill in the blanks.

Lin Tao：We're going to play football tomorrow.

Sam：Great! ____?

Lin Tao：Sure! You're welcome!

Sam：____?

Lin Tao：We're going to play at two o'clock.

Sam：I see. ____?

Lin Tao：We're going to meet outside the park gate.

Sam： All right! See you tomorrow!

Lin Tao： ____!

Suggested answers：1 Can/May I come?

2 What time are you going to play?

3 Where are you going to meet? 4 See you then. /Goodbye.

Step 8 Writing

Wb Lesson 16, Ex. 3 may be done orally. Then get the Ss to fill in the blanks with suitable answers.

Homework

Finish off the Wokbook exercises.

Learn the contents of Checkpoint 4.

Write down the complete dialogue in Wb Ex. 3 in the exercise books.