高三冊Unit 5 詞彙詳解(人教版高三英語上冊教案教學設計)

convey [ ] vt. -veyed, -veying

1. 運送,搬運,轉運[(+from/to)]

Passengers are conveyed by bus to the air terminal.

用公共汽車載送旅客前往航空站。

The truck conveyed machinery across the country.

這輛卡車在全國各地運送機器。

2. 傳播(聲音等)

A wire conveys an electric current.電線傳導電流。

Wires convey electricity.金屬線導電。

3. 傳達,傳遞,表達[(+to)][+(that)][+wh-]

I found it hard to convey my feelings in words.

我覺得難以用言語表達我的感情。

I will convey the information to him.我將把這消息通知他。

If you'll leave a message, I'll convey it to him. 如果你願意留下口信，我會轉告他的。

4. 轉讓(財產等)[(+to)]

The old farmer conveyed his farm to his son.

老農夫將其農場轉讓給兒子。

比較：convey， carry， transport， transmit

這些動詞，當它們指人或物從一個地方向另一個地方運動時，可相互比較。

convey 常常含有持續、有規律地運動或流動的意思。

carry 適用範圍很廣，但常常表示運動時支撐着某物：

The train carries baggage, mail, and passengers. 火車運送行李、郵件及乘客。

transport 主要限於人或有形物體的常常是長距離的運動：

Huge tankers are used to transport oil.用巨型油輪來運輸石油。

The city uses buses to transport students to school.這城市用公共汽車載送學生去學校。

transmit 指經過、發送或傳播某物：

Please transmit the stock certificates by special messenger.

請通過特種郵件投遞將股票票證寄來。

The cost of transmitting books by air is very high.空運書籍的費用很高。

advertise [ ] vt. advertisement [ ]

1. 為...做廣告;為...宣傳

If you want to sell your product you must advertise it.

如果你要推銷自己的產品,你就必須做廣告。

2. 公佈;通知

He advertised them of his decision to withdraw from the election.他告知他們自己要退出選舉的決定。

vi.

1. 做(登)廣告,作宣傳[(+for)]

The company is advertising for typists in the newspapers.

那家公司在報紙上登廣告徵聘打字員。

The company advertised for a new secretary.

公司登廣告招聘一名新祕書。

We should advertise for someone to look after our children.

我們該登個廣告聘人來照管孩子們。

brand [ ] n.[C] 商標;牌子[(+of)]

This brand of tea is my favorite.這種茶我最愛喝。

a popular brand of soap.一種大眾喜愛的肥皂品牌

vt.

1. 打烙印於;印...商標於

All cattle on the farm were branded with the letter A.

這農場所有的牛都烙上"A"的印記。

consideration [ ] n.

1. 考慮[U][(+for/to)]

That matter is under consideration.

那件事正在考慮之中。

Before writing your answers please give careful consideration to the questions.

請在回答之前仔細考慮一下問題。

Please give the problem your careful consideration.

請你仔細考慮這個問題。

2. 需要考慮的事;動機,原因[C]

Price and quality are the two chief considerations.

價格和質量是兩個主要考慮的問題。

3. 體貼;關心[U][(+for)]

He showed no consideration for his wife.

他不體貼他的妻子。

詞組：in consideration of報答；由於(=in return for, on account of, because of)

take into consideration顧及，考慮到(=take account of, take…into account)

You take quality into consideration. 您必須要考慮到質量問題

We must take into consideration our ability to pay when we import goods.

我們進口必須考慮我們的支付能力。

I always take fuel consumption（消耗） into consideration when buying a car. 　我買汽車時總要把燃油消耗量考慮在內.

We may take into consideration accepting government-to-government or non-government loans（ 貸款）only if the conditions permit. （注意賓語後置）　只要條件合適，我們可以考慮接受政府間貸款或非政府間貸款。

under consideration在考慮中，在研究中

charge [ ]

vt.

1.使承擔：使承擔任務、責任或義務：

They charged him with the task of watching the young swimmers.

他們讓他承擔起看護年輕游泳者的任務

2. 索價;對...索費;[(+for)]

This store often charges only 65 US cents a dozen for large eggs.一打大雞蛋在這家店裏常常僅賣六十五美分。

The fruit seller charged me too much money.

這個水果商要了我很多的錢。

How much did he charge you for repairing the bicycle?

他修理自行車收了你多少錢?

How much do you charge for your mushrooms?

你的蘑菇要什麼價錢?

3. 控告,指控[(+with)]

He was charged with stealing.他被控犯有偷竊行為。

4.將(電池)充電

將(電池)充電

The battery needs to be charged.

這電池需要充電了。

5. 裝填

He charged the gun with powder.裝填火藥

n.主管,負責；充電（氣）；價錢，收費，費用；控告

in charge (of) , in one’s charge, in(under) the charge of 的用法

is in charge of our class.

The doctor is in charge of the operation. 那個醫生負責這個手術。

Mary is in charge of the children.瑪麗照看這些孩子。

=The children are in (under)the charge of Mary.= The chldren are in Mary’s charge.

in charge 最常見用法是作後置定語，也作表語；表示主管的，負責的：

the person in charge 負責人；

the officer in charge 主管警官；

Who is in charge here? 這裏誰負責？

in charge of 表示負責、主管、看管……的，相當於 have charge of， 也常作後置定語或表語：

the nurse in charge of the patient 照管這個病人的護士；

h is in charge of this ward.史密斯大夫主管這個病房。

in the charge of（這裏有定冠詞 the）相當於 under the charge of sb. 或 in sb.'s charge，表示……在某人的負責、主管、看管之下，也常作後置定語或表語：

the girl in the charge of the nurse.在這個護士照料下的女孩；

也就是説，in charge of 用以表示“由某人管理”的意思：

the driver in charge of the bus 管理這輛公共汽車的司機，

the bus in the charge of the driver 由這位司機管理的公共汽車。

The charge for admission is US$5. 入場費五美元

No charge for window-shopping.瀏覽商店櫥窗免費

a charge of murder指控犯謀殺罪

比較： accuse sb. of doing sth.為…指責某人,控告某人

charge sb. with doing sth.指控某人…

loss [ ] n. lose的名詞形式

1. 喪失;遺失[U]

He suffered a temporary loss of memory.

他暫時喪失了記憶。

2. 損失;虧損(額)[C][U]

It is a great loss to her.

這是她的巨大損失。

His death means a great loss to science.

他的死是科學的重大損失。

blame [ ]

vt. 責備, 譴責；把…歸咎於

Don't blame it on him, but on me.

別怪他,該怪我。

They blamed the failure on George.

他們把失敗歸咎於喬治。

They blamed the secretary for the delay of the plan.

他們怪罪祕書造成計劃延誤。

They blamed the failure of the action on George.

他們把此次行動失敗歸咎於喬治。

短語：be to blame應受譴責 主動表示被動

The children were not to blame.

孩子們不應受到譴責。

The driver was not to blame for the traffic accident.

那次交通事故不應該責怪司機。

I am to blame.

是我不好。

n. 過失, 責備，（失敗等的）責任

I am ready to take the blame for the mistake.

我準備承擔這一錯誤的責任。

The company is ready to take the blame for what had happened.

公司準備對已發生的事情承擔責任。

broadcast [ ]

vt. 過去時，過去分詞broadcast ，broadcast

1. 廣播,播送

The program is broadcast every Monday evening.

這檔節目每星期一晚上播出。

vi.

1. 廣播,播放

2. 參加廣播演出;發表廣播演説

The president will broadcast this evening.

今晚總統將發表電視講話

post

vt. 郵寄,投寄[O1]

Do you mind posting a letter for me?

你能幫我寄封信嗎?

n.

郵政；郵寄

You can send letters by post.

你可以郵寄信件。

hand in hand

1. 手拉手地

The little boy walked hand in hand with his mother.

小男孩和他母親手拉手地走。

The children walk down the street hand in hand.

孩子們手拉手地在街上走。

2.密切關聯

Dirt and disease go hand in hand.

骯髒與疾病是密切相關的。

Power and money go hand in hand.

權和錢密不可分。

react [ ]

vi.

1. 作出反應,反應（常與to連用）

How did she react to the news?

她對這個消息反應如何?

How did your mother react to the news? She reacted by getting very angry.

你媽媽對這個消息的反應怎樣？她的反應是非常生氣。

2. 影響,起作用[(+on/upon)]

The two react upon each other.

這兩者互相影響。

3.（常與against連用）反抗，反對Children tend to react against their parents by going against their wishes.

孩子們通常以違背父母的意願來反抗他們。

4.（常與with連用）發生化學反應

How do acids react on metals?

酸對金屬會起怎樣的化學反應?

An acid can react with a base to form a salt.

酸和鹼反應會產生鹽。

annoy [ ]

vt.

1. 惹惱,使生氣;使煩惱[(+by/at/with)]

His mother was annoyed with him for being so rude to their neighbors.

他母親因為他對鄰居如此粗暴無禮而生他的氣。

We're annoyed at his impolite treatment of his old friends.

他用這種不禮貌的態度對待老朋友,我們都感到氣憤。

The sound of footsteps on the bare floor annoyed the downstairs neighbors.

樓上地板的腳步聲吵得樓下住户心煩。

2. 打攪,困擾

These flies are annoying me.

這些蒼蠅一直在打攪我。

accuse [ ] vt.

1. 指控,控告[(+of)]

She accused him of stealing her watch.

她控告他偷她的表。

He accused his boss of having broken his word.

他指責老闆不守信。

He was accused of murder.

有人指控他謀殺。

associate [ ] 年n. association

vt.

1. 聯想,把...聯想在一起[+with]

They associate turkey with Thanksgiving.

他們把火雞和感恩節聯繫在一起。

What do you associate with such a heavy snow?

這樣一場大雪你有什麼聯想?

2. 使聯合,使結合[+with]

3. 使有聯繫[H][+with]

I didn't want to be associated with it at all.

我根本不想與這事有牽連。

vi.

1. 結交,交往[+with]

He associates with all sorts of people.

他與各種各樣的人交往。

Never associate with bad companions.

千萬不要與壞人為伍。

get across

1. 使...被理解,為人理解

I couldn't get my point across in the debate.

在辯論中我無法清楚地表明自己的觀點。

He found it difficult to get his idea across to them.

他發現他難以使他們瞭解他的想法。

I have tried to get my point across.

我已盡力讓我的觀點清晰明瞭

使信服：使有説服力或可瞭解：

How can I get across to the students?

我怎樣才能讓學生心服口服

Did your speech get across to the crowd?

你的演説聽眾理解嗎?

2. (使)越過;(使)渡過 I can’t get across the river.

appeal [ ]

vi.

1. 呼籲,懇求[(+to/for)][+to-v]

He appealed to me for help.

他向我求援。

He appealed to his friends for support.

他請求朋友支持。

The government is appealing to everyone to save water.

政府呼籲每個人節約用水。

2.（常與to連用）吸引；引起興趣

She appeals to me.

我對她感興趣。

The idea appealed to Mary.這主意正合瑪麗的心意。

3.【律】上訴[(+to/against)]

He appealed against the five-year sentence he had been given.他對被判五年徒刑提出上訴。

He appealed against the judge's decision.

他不服法官判決而上訴。

n.

1. 呼籲,請求；上訴[C][U][(+to/for)]

He made one last appeal to his father to forgive him.

他最後一次懇求父親寬恕他。

an appeal for aid

懇求援助

an appeal for forgiveness

懇求原諒

The teacher listened to his appeal.

老師傾聽了他的要求。

frequent [ ]n. frequency 頻率 adv. frequently 經常地

adj.常見的；頻繁的

I enjoyed his frequent visits.

我喜歡他經常來訪。

Frequent failures did not affect his morale（士氣）.

屢次失敗都沒有使他泄氣。

Rains are frequent here in early summer.

這兒在初夏季節常下雨。

figure[ ] n.[C]

1. 外形;體形;人影

I saw a figure in the darkness.

我看到暗處有一個人影。

2. 體態;風姿

She has an attractive figure.

她有迷人的曲線。

She has a slender figure.

她身材苗條。

3. 人物;名人

He has become a figure known to everyone.

他已成了一個知名人物。

4. 數字

Where did you get those figures?

你從哪兒得到那些數字的?

5. 圖表;圖解;插圖

Our textbook has many figures to help explain the lessons.

我們的教科書有許多圖表幫助解釋課文。

6. 畫像;塑像 a stone figure 石頭塑像

vt. figure out = work out 計算出，估計

profit [ ]

n.

1. 利潤,盈利;收益 [C][U]

He made a profit of fifty thousand US dollars on his house.

他賣掉房子獲利五萬美元。

2. 利益,益處;得益[U]

We gained a lot of profit from your advice.

我們從你的建議中獲益匪淺。

vt.

1. 有益於

Telling lies won't profit you.

撒謊對你無益。

vi.

1. 有益,有利

2. 得益,獲益[(+by/from)]

He learned to profit by his mistakes.

他學會了從自己的錯誤中獲益。

We profit from the work of the specialist.

我們從專家的工作中得到益處。

campaign [ ]

n.[C]

1. 戰役

The campaign to seize the city was a failure.

攻佔這個城市的戰役失敗了。

2. 運動,活動[(+for/against)][+to-v]

The city hall is planning to start a campaign against smoking.

市政府計劃發起禁煙運動。

3. 競選運動

The presidential campaign was in full swing.

總統競選運動正在全力進行中。

vi.

1. 從事運動[(for/against)]

The union leaders are campaigning for better working conditions.

工會領導人為爭取改善工作條件而積極活動。

2. 參加競選[(+for)]

He hasn't decided whether to campaign for the senate（參議院）.他尚未決定是否參加參議員的競選。

policy [ ] n.[C][U]

1. 政策,方針

One of the new government's policies is to cut taxes.

新政府的政策之一是減税。

2. 策略,手段

Honesty is the best policy.

誠實是上策。

illegal [ ]a.

不合法的,非法的;違反規則的

All he has done is illegal.

他所做的一切均屬非法。

Can you keep an eye on my bag? 留心看管，照看一下行李

Would you keep an eye out for the milkman？ I want to talk with him．請你等候一下送牛奶的人好嗎？我要和他講一句話。有“留心等候”的意思

target [ ] n.

1. 靶子;攻擊的目標

He missed the target.

他未擊中靶子。

2. (欲達到的)目標,指標

His target is to save $100 a week.

他的目標是每週儲蓄一百元。

nowadays [ ] adv.

1. 現今,時下

Nowadays people travel by plane.

如今人們乘飛機旅行。

Nowadays, advertisements can be found everywhere in any big city.

現在,在任何一個大城市裏,到處都可以看到廣告。

attach [ ] vt.

貼上,繫上[(+to)]

He'll attach the label to your luggage.

他會把標籤系在你的行李上。

2. 使依附;使附屬[(+to)]

This hospital is attached to the medical college nearby.

這個醫院附屬附近的那所醫學院。

3.認為有（重要性等）They attached no significance （重要性）to the threat.

他們不重視這種威肋

point out指出 跟名詞或賓語從句

He pointed out the mistake to me.

他向我指出錯誤。

discount [ ]

n.[C][U] 折扣;打折扣

We give a special discount of 10 per cent for cash.

如用現金購買,我們給予九折優待。

vt.

將...打折扣

That store discounts all its slow-selling goods.

那家商店削價出售所有滯銷貨。

n. adj.

a discount market; 打折商場discount goods打折商品

make sense [ ] 有意義, 有道理，説得通，能理解；合理，可行；合乎情理

This sentence doesn't make sense.這句子毫無意義。

1) No matter how I tried to read it, the sentence didn't make sense to me.就是不理解。

2) It just doesn't make sense - why would she do a thing like that?沒有意義

3) It makes sense (有道理) to take care of your health.

4) It makes sense to save money while you can.很有意義

5） What he said just doesn't make any sense．他講的那番話簡直不知所云。

6）She doesn't talk much， but what she says makes sense．她不多講話，但言之有理。

7）Does it make sense to let little children play with matches？讓孩子們玩火柴能行嗎？

make sense of 理解；懂；明白

Can you make sense of the sentence? 你理解這個句子嗎？

bonus [ ] n.[C]

1. 獎金;額外津貼;特別補助

The workers are expecting a large Christmas bonus.

工人們期待着在聖誕節得到一大筆獎金。

2. 【口】額外給予的東西,額外的好處[S]

The extra two-day holiday was a real bonus.

外加的兩天假期真是額外之所得