g1Unit 10 The world around us

教學目的和要求

（Teaching aims and demands）

類別

課程標準要求掌握的項目

話題

1. Talk about ways to protect the environment

2. Talk about wildlife endangerment

3. Talk about causes and effects

功能

原因和結果(Causes and effects)

Why…? Because/As/Since…

Because of…, I… If…, then…

As a result of… It follows that…

It will use… It will lead to…

詞彙

fur Tibetan lead jungle wolf giraffe environmental tour act measure original battery devote common valuable reduce respond amount package packaging harmful flat material poster attractive topic organize brief

in danger die out as a result of lead to take measures adapt to make a difference devote…to at present set free in the wild throw away

語法

Review Direct and Indirect Speech

1. Reporting statements

“I am writing an article about animals in zoos,” the reporter said.

→The reporter said that he was writing an article about animals in zoos.

2. Reporting yes-no questions

“Do you like living in the zoo?” the reporter asked the kangaroo.

→The reporter asked the kangaroo if he liked living in the zoo.

3. Reporting wh-questions

“How long have you lived in the zoo?” the reporter asked the hippo.

→The reporter asked the hippo how long he had lived in the zoo.

4. Reporting commands and requests

“Please tell me more about the advantages and disadvantages of living in the zoo,”the reporter said to the giraffe.

→The reporter asked the giraffe to tell him more about the advantages and disadvantages of living in the zoo.

rting general truth

“Human survival is dependent on the natural world,” he said.

→He said that human survival is dependent on the natural world.

教學重點與難點

第一部分

重點1 ☆☆☆

When farmers cut down trees,tigers can no longer hide and hunt.

農民把樹砍一，老虎再也無法躲藏和覓食了。

（1）cut down 砍倒、砍伐

people cut down a lot of trees for firewood.

人們砍伐很多樹木來作柴火燒。

（2）no longer不再，在句中作狀語。

He no longer lives here.=He doesn’t live gere any longer.

重點2 ☆☆

Many tigers are killed by people who want to sell their fur and use their bones for medicine.

很多老虎被那些想賣虎皮和用虎骨做藥(來賺錢)的人所捕殺。

Use …for …利用……來做…,也可用作被動語態be used for……

We use gas a lot for cooking.

Gas is used a lot for cooking.煤氣被大量用來做飯。

重點3 ☆☆☆

Why is it important to make sure that animals do not die out?

為什麼確保動物不滅絕很重要？

（1）make sure 查明；務必使得、確保，保證使……

please make sure that he is here with his camera.

他來的時候請他一定把攝像也帶來。

（2）die out 滅絕、死絕

Many of the earth’s piants and animals have already died out.

地球上很多種動植物已經絕跡。

重點4 ☆

A reporter is going to interview some animals.

一位記者打算去採訪一些動物。

Interview vt.採訪(某人)

A reporter from the “Washington Post”inter viewed the president.

一位《華盛頓郵拍報》的記者採訪了總統。

重點5 ☆☆

Student A will act as the reporter and student B will act as the animal.

學生A 將扮演記者，學生B 扮演動物。

Act as 扮演Who will act as the king in the play?

劇中的國王將由誰來扮演?

在線課堂

（1）cut down 還可作“減少，降低”講。

e.g. You should cut down your expenses.

他們應該減少開支。

You should cut the story down one third.

你應把這篇故事壓縮三分之一。

（2）no longer的同義詞為no more.

e.g. He no more cared what his friends thought about him.

=He did not care any more what his friend thought about him.

他不再在意他的朋友怎樣看他。

No longer 與 no more 的區別：

No longer 側重指時間方面，而no more 側重量、次數方面。

He is no longe a handsome Lake for holiday.

我不再去西湖度假了。

要點記億

1．☆☆☆ cut down 除了“砍倒、砍伐”之意外，還可作“降低、減少”講。

1． ☆☆☆ no longer/not ……any longer側重指時間上不再延續； no more/not ……any more側重指數量或程度上不再增加。

2． ☆☆☆ make sure 可作“查明、弄清”或“確保、務必”，有三種用法：接that 從句，接of 介詞短語或單獨使用。

3． ☆☆☆ die out 滅絕、死光；完全消失、廢除。以及與動詞die和副詞out 相關的短語。

4． ☆☆☆ 動詞use 作“使用”時，其常見用法有三種：use ……for ……,use ……as ……,use ……to do sth.。

☆☆☆ act as 扮演；充當、擔任。Work as 幹 ……工作，擔任。Serve as 幹 ……工作，充當、擔任。

第二部分

重點1 ☆☆☆

Steve Jones is an environmental expert who tries to keep animals from becoming endangered.

Steve Jones 是一位設法保護動物不受危害的環境方面的專家。

Keep ……from doing sth.阻止 …做某事

Urgent business kept me from attending the party.

因有要事，我沒能參加聚會。

重點2 ☆☆☆

We are not along in the world.我們人類不是單獨存在於世界上的。

Alone adj.單獨的，獨自的，只作表語；不作定語。

I was all alone in the house.房子裏只有我孤零零一個人。

重點3 ☆☆☆

We often talk about how important it is to take good care of ourselves and our planet ,but we don’t always do as we say.

我們經常談論保護我們人類和地球是如何如何重要，但我們並不總是按我們所説的那樣來做。

As conj.像……那樣，如同，連接方式狀語從句。

重點4 ☆☆☆

They are all used to their environment.它們都已習慣了自己的生存環境。

Be /get used to ……習慣於

…….後接名詞或動名詞。

Davld has lived in China for years and is used to Chinese food.戴維在中國生活了好幾年，已經習慣了中國食品。

重點5 ☆☆

The animal or plant has to either adapt to the charge or find a new home.

動植物必須要麼適應這種變化，要麼就找一個新家。

Adapt to ……適應，後接名詞或代詞。

重點6 ☆☆

Fist of all ,we need to learn more about animals,plants and the environment.首先，我們有必要對動物、植物和環境作更多的瞭解。

First of all 首先、第一，用於加強語氣。

重點7 ☆☆☆

Even small things can make a big difference.

即使做些小事也很要緊。

Make a difference有差別、在關係，要緊

A year or two will make a great difference to us.

一年還是兩年對我們來説有很大的差別。

在線課堂

與keep ……from doing sth.意義相同的短語還有：stop/prevent…from doing sth.。在用法上有所不同的是用動詞stop 或prevent可以省掉from ,但如果用keep 則不能省掉from.因為省掉from 後，keep ……doing sth.的意義為“使……一直……”。

e.g. You must stop the children (from) getting close to the crazy man.

你得阻止那些孩子靠近那個瘋子。

What can we do to prevent such things(from)happening again?

我們可以做些什麼事來防止這類事情再發生呢？

Why do you always keep your lights burning all night long even when you are not in your room?

為什麼你即使不在房間時，也總還是讓燈徹夜亮着呢？

要點記憶

1．☆☆☆ keep/stop/prevent doing sth.都可表示“某人做某事”。用stop 或 prevent 時 from 可以省去，但用keep 就不能省，如果省掉，就變成“使某人一直做某事”的意思。

2．☆☆☆ alone 與lonely 的區別：alone 可作形容詞或副詞，lonely只能作形容詞；作形容詞用時，alone 只作表語，不作定語，而lonely 既作表語，又作定語，又作定語；alone 強調客觀事實，lonely側重指人的主觀感受。

3．☆☆☆ as 作連詞用，當“像……那樣，如同”講時，可連接方式狀語從句或比較狀語從句。

4．☆☆☆ used 的三種形式：used to do 過去常常做某事，be /get used to (doing)sth .習慣(做)某事，be used to do sth.被 有來做某事。

5．☆☆☆ make a difference 有差別、有關係、要緊，以及其他的變化形式make some /little/no /a great /a great deal of difference.

1.☆☆ adapt(…)to ……(使)適應……習慣………，adapt還可作“改編，改寫”講。

☆☆ first of all 首先、第一，用於加強語氣。以及相關的短語above all ,at first,firstly 的意義和用法。

第三部分

重點1 ☆☆☆

Professor Stevenson,who has devoted himself to protecting the miludeer,gave a talk to Chinese college students in Beijing.一直致力於保護麋工作的斯蒂芬遜教授給北京的中國大學生作了一個報告。

（1）devote oneself to …“專心於、獻身於、致力於……”to 是介詞，後面接名詞或動名詞。

（2）give a talk (to sb.)(給某人)作報告、作演講。=give (sb.)a talk.

She will give us a talk on Mozart.她將給我們作一個在關莫扎特的演講。

重點2 ☆☆☆

The milu deer had been very common in China a long time ago.

很久以前麋在中國是很常見的。

Common. Adj .常見的、平常的、普遍的

Snow is common in cold countries.

在寒冷的國家，下雪是常見的事。

It’s now quite common for women to wear short hair.

現在婦女留短頭是很平常的事。

重點3 ☆☆☆

He told the students that he hopes that more people would care about the milu deer.

他告訴學生説他希望更多的人會來關心麋鹿。

Care(about)關心、在乎、介意

重點4 ☆

He hoped that one day these milu deer would be set free and live in the wild again.他希望有一天這些麋鹿會被釋放出來，重新生活在野外。

（1）set…free 將……釋放，使…自由

The prisoners were set free after liberation.解放後，這些囚犯都被釋放了。

（2）in the wild 在野外，處於野生狀態。

Are the animals live in the zoo or in the wild?

這些動物是生活在動物園呢還是在野外？

重點6 ☆☆

If we reuse something,it will not end up as waste.

如果我們重新利用回收的東西的話，那麼它就不是廢品了。

End up as ……作為……而結束，以……告終

He ended up as head of the firm.他最後成了公司的主管人。

在線課堂

（1）devote除了接反身代詞作賓語外，也可接one’s life ,time等詞作賓語。

e.g. He has devoted his life to helping disabled people.

他為幫助殘疾人而獻出了一生。

I think it’s no use devoting any more time to this question.

我認為在這個問題上花更多的時間是沒用的。

Devote 還常用於被動語態，即be devoted to ……,意義上與devote oneself to 相同。

e.g. As a traditional woman,she is devoted to her family and children.

作為一個傳統的女性，她把全部心血都傾注在家族和孩子身上了。

Devoted 可用作形容詞，意思為“忠實的”、“熱愛的”。“專心的”，“專用於……的 ”

e.g. The dog is very devoted to its master.這狗對它的主人非常忠實。

（2）與give a talk 相關的短語還有：give a lecture 作講座、演講。

Make a speech 發表演説、演講、發言。

e.g. Every student made/gave a speech in class.班上每個同學都發了言。

Professor Wang from Beijing University will give us a lecture this Friday afternoon.北京大學的王教授將於本週王下午給我們作講座。

要點記憶

1．☆☆☆ devote oneself to ……獻身於……，專心於……,致力於……

devote one’s life/time/energy to ……把奉獻在……上，也可用於系表結構be devoted to …….注意：這裏的“to”都是介詞，後面只能接名詞、代詞或動名詞。

2．☆☆☆ common,usual,ordinary,normal 四個形容詞各自所側重：common 側重於常見、有共性，usual側重指慣常，ordinary 側重平，平凡、普遍，normal側重指正常。

3．☆☆☆ 關於動詞care 的短語：care about 關心，在意；擔心，care for 喜歡，想要；照料、看護，take care of 照料。另外，care作及物動詞用時，後接賓語從句。

4．☆☆ 關於learn 的動詞短語：learn from …向……學習，learn…by oneself,自學……,learn …by heart 背誦、背記，learn of/about /that clause 聽説，獲悉。

5．☆☆ end up 作“結束、告終”解時，常與介詞as ,with 或in 連用。

6．☆ set ……free 釋放，使……獲得自由。以及set 接形容詞或介詞作賓補的用法。

7．☆ in the wild 在野外。In the air 在空中；未定的，in the open ari 在露天。