新目標八年級Unit 8 How was your school trip?

英語寫作指導
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【單元話題】

1. 會談論過去的事情

2．培養自己做事要有計劃性

3．培養邏輯思維能力

4．培養合作意識

【重要句型概覽】

1. What did you do on your school trip?

2. Did you go to the zoo?

No, I didn’t. I went to the aquarium.

3. Were there any sharks?

No, there weren’t any sharks, but there were.

【重要詞組概覽】

go to the aquariums　　　　　　去水族館

take photos　　　　　　　　　　照相，拍照

hang out with sb.　　　　　　　和某人閒逛

win a prize　　　　　　　　　　獲獎（金）

have a great time　　　　　　　玩得高興

take the bus back to school　　乘公共汽車回學校

lots of=a lot of　　　　　　　許多，大量

at the end of　　　　　　　　　在……的盡頭

go for a drive　　　　　　　　開車兜風

help sb. do sth.　　　　　　　幫助某人做某事

help sb. with sth.　　　　　　在某方面幫助某人

thanks for doing sth.　　　　　感謝某人做了某事

day off　　　　　　　　　　　　　休假

【語法知識聚焦】

一般過去時：表示過去曾經發生的動作或出現的狀態，以動詞的過去式表達，如：

I was at the library yesterday afternoon.

Tom studied hard and did well in the final exam last year.

動詞的過去式分為規則動詞和不規則動詞兩種。

1. 規則動詞只要在動詞詞尾加上ed即可。具體方法是一般情況直接加，

如：clean-cleaned；

2. 詞尾是不發音字母e的，可只加上d，如：like-liked；

3. 詞尾為重讀閉音節，結尾只有一個輔音字母的，應雙寫該輔音字母，再加上ed，如：stop-stopped；

4. 詞尾為輔音字母加y的，應將y改為i再加上ed，如：study studie

5. 不規則動詞有其自己的變化形式，只能分別記憶。

其否定句由助動詞did加上not構成；疑問句應在主語前加上助動詞did，並將原謂語動詞變為原形，如：

We did not go to the cinema yesterday.

　Did you have a good time during the summer holiday?

When did you get to school this morning?

　一般過去時的時間狀語都是明顯表示過去的，如：yesterday、last night、last week、in 1998、three months ago等。

【語法練習】

用括號中所給動詞的正確形式填空

1. Tommy, you mustn’t _____that word. That’s not a nice word.

A. said　B. say　　C. saying　　D. says

2. Let’s _____the classroom together.

A. clean　B. cleaning　　C. cleaned　　D. to clean

3. Shall we _____ some books at the book fair?

A. to buy　　B. bought　　C. buy　　D. buying

4. You may _____ Mr Zhang in his office.

A. finds　B. find　　C. finding　D. found

5. Mike _____ to school this morning.

A. walks　　B. walk　　C. walking　　D. walked

6. Mrs Black is in the kitchen. She ______ dinner for her family.

A. prepares　　B. prepares　C. preparing　　D. is preparing

7. The boy is standing at the corner. He ______(wait) for the bus.

He ____ (wait) for the bus for half an hour.

A. waiting, waiting　　B. is waiting, waited

C. is waiting, has waited　D. waits, has waited

8. There ______ a talk about biology in our school next Monday.

A. will has　　B. will have　　C. will be　　D. would be

9. My uncle _____ maths in that school two years ago.

A. teaches　　B. teach　　C. taught　　D. has taught

10. We _____ to the Summer Palace if it is fine this Sunday.

A. went　　B. go　　C. going　　D. will go

11. I will tell him the news as soon as he _____ back.

A. comes　　B. come　　C. came　　D. will come

12. Gina ______ to a party last night.

A. go　　B. to go　　C. going　　D. went

【Cloze】

用括號中所給動詞的正確形式填空。

My friend, Roy, 　1　　(die) last year. He 　2　(leave) me his CD player and his collection of CDs. Roy 　3　　(spend) a lot of money on CDs. He 　4　(buy) one or two new CDs every week. He never 　5　(go) to the cinema or to the theatre. He 　6　(stay) at home every evening and

7　　(listen) to music. He often　 8　(lend) CDs to his friends. Sometimes they 　9　(keep) them. He 　10　(lose) many CDs in this way.

【閲讀理解】

One afternoon, Kate and her brother, Bob, went out to play. Kate was eight, and Bob was ten. “Let’s go to the bridge and we can see fish in the river.” said Kate.

“I don’t know…” Bob said. “Mum told us, ‘Don’t go on the bridge.’ She said it’s dangerous.”

Kate said, “ I am not afraid. Are you?”

They walked onto the bridge and began looking for fish in the river. The bridge was a train bridge. Trains went over the bridge three times a day.

The children were standing in the middle of the bridge when they heard a loud noise. “ A train is coming!” Bob shouted. “Run!” He ran to the end of the bridge. He was safe.

Kate ran, too, but she fell. The train was coming fast. Kate ran towards Bob. She fell again right on the train tracks (鐵軌). There was no time to leave. She had to lie down between the tracks. A few seconds later, the train went over the girl, but she was not hurt at all. She stood up and said to Bob, “Don’t tell Mum! Don’t tell Mum!”

At last their mother found out about the story. She was angry because they went on the bridge. But she was happy that Kate was all right.

(　 ) 1. Bob and Kate were ______.

A. twins　B. brothers　　C. sisters　　D. brother and sister

(　 ) 2. One afternoon they went to the bridge to see _____.

A. their mother　　B. fish　　C. the train　　D. the river

(　 ) 3. When the train came, the children were _____.

A. in the middle of the bridge　B. at the end of the bridge　

C. on their way to the bridge　　D. away from the bridge

(　 ) 4. Where was Kate when the train was going over her?

A. She fell again right on the train tracks (鐵軌).　　B. Kate ran towards Bob.

C. She had to lie down between the tracks. 　　　D. She stood up and cried.

(　 ) 5. When their mother knew about the story, she was _____.

A. happy　　B. angry　　C. sorry　　D. both angry and happy

【書面表達】

上個星期六學生們去西山進行了一次野餐, 請參考所給詞語, 描述此次活動.

go to West Hill, by bike, a short rest, after, the foot of , sing, dance, climb, see, hear, happy

參考答案：

【語法練習】

1. B　 2. A　 3. C　 4. B　 5. D　 6. D　 7. C　 8. C　 9. C　 10. D　 11. A　 12. D　

1. 情態動詞mustn’t 應該與動詞原形連用, 因此答案為B.

2. Let’s=Let us, 動詞let 應該接動詞原形, 做賓語補足語, let sb. do sth, 因此答案為A.

3. 情態動詞shall應該與動詞原形連用,因此答案為C.

4. 情態動詞may應該與動詞原形連用,因此答案為B.

5. 根據時間狀語this morning, 可知本題為一般過去時, 因此答案為D.

6. 由 “Mrs Black is in the kitchen.” 可知本題為現在進行時因此答案為D.

7. 根據題中的 “The boy is standing at the corner.” 可知第一個空的答案為現在進行時, 又根據 “for half an hour”, 得第二空答案為現在完成時, 因為現在完成時經常用來表示動作延續一段時間, 因此本題答案為C.

8. 根據時間狀語判斷, 本題為一般將來時, 在there be 句型中, 應為: there will be, 所以答案為C.

9. 根據時間狀語,本題為一般過去時, 答案為C.

10.由if引導的條件狀語從句, 主句通常用一般將來時, 因此答案為D.

11. 由as soon as引導的時間狀語從句, 主句用一般將來時, 從句通常用一般現在時代替一般將來時, 因此答案為A.

【Cloze】

本片短文所敍述的故事發生在過去（一年以前），因此，都用一般過去時，答案為：　　1. died　　 2. left 　　 3. spent　　 4. bought　　5. went

6. stayed　　7. listened　 8. lent　　　9. kept　　 10. lost

【閲讀理解】

1. D　 2. B　 3. A　 4. C　 5. D　

1. 根據原文“Kate and her brother Bob went out to play”部分，答案為D.

2. 根據原文“and we can see fish in the river”，因此，答案為B

3. 根據原文“The children were standing in the middle of the bridge” 部分以及接着一句“A train is coming”, 答案為A.

4. 根據原文“She had to lie down between the tracks” 部分，答案為C.

5. 根據原文“She was angry because they went on the bridge. But she was happy that Kate was all right.” 部分---媽媽即生氣又高興，答案應該為D.

【書面表達】

Out class had a picnic last Saturday. We went to West Hill by bike. We had a short rest after we got to the foot of West Hill. First we had our picnic lunch. After lunch we sang and dance happily. Then we began to climb the hill. We saw many beautiful flowers, heard the birds singing and got a lot of wild fruits. We had a wonderful time.

I felt very tired when I got home, but I was very happy.

大多數情況下，動詞不定式都有符號to，但下列情況中to卻不露臉。

1. Why not 之後的動詞不帶to。

Why not go there by bus?

為什麼不乘公共汽車到那兒去呢？

2. had better (not) 之後不定式（賓語補足語）不帶to。

You’d better (not) eat some fruit.

你最好（不要）吃些水果。

3. help 之後的不定式（賓語補足語）帶不帶to都可。

He often helps his mother do some housework.

他經常幫媽媽做家務。

4. 感官動詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel等之後的不定式（賓語補足語）不帶to。