to be用法的總結

to be用法的總結

動詞不定式可以作以上各種成分,但它畢竟是動詞,所以有動詞的屬性

動詞不定式及其短語還可以有自己的賓語、狀語,雖然動詞不定式在語法上沒有表面上的直接主語,但它表達的意義是動作,這一動作一定由使動者發出.這一使動者我們稱之為 邏輯主語,其形式如下：

主動形式 被動形式

一般式 （not) to make （not) to be made

完成式 （not) to have made ( not) to have been made

進行式 （not) to be making （not）to have been making

(1)語態

如果動詞不定式的邏輯主語是這個不定式所表示的動作的承受者,不定式一般要用被動語態形式.如：

It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.（不定式作主語）

It was impossible for lost time to be made up.（不定式作主語）

I wish to be sent to work in the country.（不定式作賓語）

Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?（不定式作定語）

He went to the hospital to be examined.（不定式作狀語）

在There be結構中,修飾主語的不定式可用被動,也可用主動.如：There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有時兩種形式表達的意思不同,如：These is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.)