初中英語句型分類雙重被動句應用的知識點
- 句子
- 關注:3.42W次
句型[主語+被動式謂語+被動不定式+其他]
date is expected to be announced soon.
gate was ordered to be closed at nine o'clock.
books are not allowed to be taken out of the room.
e arms are supposed to have been used by partisans during the anti-Japanese war.
task is reported to have been completed yesterday.
instruments are supposed to be used only by skilled workers.
[注] H. W. Fowler 説過,雙重被動式,從文體學觀點來看是應該儘量避免,因為從表面看來容易為類似的假象所混淆。如:(錯) The house was begun to be built. 不是房子開始而是房子的建造開始。下列動詞不適宜於本句型:attempt, decide, promise, seek, begin, hope, intend, propose, purpose, threaten等。
不可説:The work was attempted to be done quickly. 應當説:An attempt was made to do the work quickly.
不可説:He has been decided to be helped. 應當説:It has been decided to help him. It has been decided that he should be helped.
[附註]主動語態與被動語態互相轉換時應注意的幾點事項。
1)基本轉換公式:省略。
2)轉換時一般不得變更動詞的時態。另下列各時式不能用於被動句中。
1. 將來進行時 2. 現在完成進行時 3. 將來完成進行時 4. 過去完成進行時
3)被動句中by後接 us, you, them, one時,by短語可以省略。
4)祈使句中使用被動式謂語很少見,以下各句可説是例外:Please be seated. Be trusted rather than feared.
一般情況使用let幫助構成祈使句的被動語態。
Do one thing at a time. →Let one thing be done at a time. Give him something to eat. →Let something to eat be given (to) him. /→Let him be given something to eat.
5)在下列情況下,主動句不能轉換成被動句。
1. 由於賓語的性質不用被動句:
A. 當賓語是缺乏實義的代詞it時,不能變,如:walk it, go it, fight it out
B. 當賓語為反身代詞時,不能變,如: (錯) Himself was absented by him.
C. 賓語前若有主語的物主代詞時,不能變,如: (錯) His finger is cut by him.
D. 當賓語是each other或one another時不能變,如: (錯) Each other is helped by us.
E. 當賓語是不定式時,很少轉用於被動句。不宜説:To go is wanted by me或It is wanted by me to go.
2. 由於某些動詞的性質不用被動句, 這類動詞有:become, befit, fail, last, resemble, suit, suffice, wish, disappear, lack want, like, hate, possess, own, contain, have, happen to, belong to, break out, take place, set sail, shake hands with, take part in等。
3. 當某些動賓關係十分緊密不可分割時不能變被動句。這種組合中的賓語大多表示工具、方式或結果,如:She leaned her elbows on the table. He kept silence. He took (made) a flight. The boy did not lose heart. Nydia bowed her gratitude.
4. 容易發生歧義的句子最好不用被動句,如:The tall doctor shook his head.
6) 有些被動句不能變成主動句,如:He was killed in war. It is said that he is ill.
- 文章版權屬於文章作者所有,轉載請註明 https://wenshudu.com/wenxuewenti/juzi/zwn7rmq.html