精選高一英語重點語法總結三篇
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精選高一英語重點語法總結三篇1
use of因為……(注意和because 的區別)
if(=even thoug)即使,用來引導讓步狀語從句
up走上前來,走近,發生,出現 come up with 追上,趕上,提出
unicate with sb和某人交流
different from…與……不同
be different in…在……方面不同
Most of my projects are different in performance.我多數作品的演奏風格都不同。
based on以……為基礎
present目前,眼下for the present眼前;暫時
(good/better/full)use of
latter後者 the former前者
10.a large number of大量的 the number of…的數量
as例如
on堅持住,握住不放;(打電話時)等—會
13.…you will hear the difference in the way(that/in which)people speak.
你會聽出人們在説話時的差異。
a role/part(in)在…中擔任角色;在…中起作用;扮演一個角色
same…as…與……一樣
the top of…在…頂上
at the bottom of在……底部
g up教養,養育;提出
est sb(not)to do sth.要求某人做/不要做某事
satisfied with…對……感到滿意,滿足於
est v.(request,insist…)
I suggested you do what he says.我建議你按照他説的去做。
I suggest you not go tomorrow.我想你明天還是不要去了。
His pale face suggested that he was in bad health.他蒼白的臉色暗示了他身體不好。
注意:insist 意思為“堅持要求”時後面的that從句用虛擬語氣;如果insist 意為“強調,堅持認為”的時候,從句可以用任何所需要的時態。例如:She insisted that she didn’t tell a lie.她堅持認為她沒撒謊。
rding to…按照…根據…
精選高一英語重點語法總結三篇2
一. 直接引語和間接引語
(一)直接引述別人的原話,叫做直接引語;用自己話轉述別人的話,叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內,間接引語則不用引號。直接引語改為間接引語時,除將引語部分變成賓語從句外,還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等進行改變。
1. 時態的變化:直接引語變為間接引語時,通常受轉述動詞said, asked等的影響而使用過去化的時態,即把原來的時態向過去推,也就是一般現在時變為一般過去時,現在進行時變為過去進行時,等等。例如:
Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.”
→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.
2. 人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等等的變化: 根據意義進行相應的變化,例如:
She asked Jack,“Where have you been?”
→She asked Jack where he had been.
He said,“These books are mine.”
→He said that those books were his.
(二)直接引語改為間接引語時,都使用陳述語序,但是因為原句的句式不同,所以變成間接引語時所用的連詞會有所不同。直接引語如果是一般疑問句,用連接詞whether或if;如果是特殊疑問句,則用疑問詞引導間接引語。轉述的動詞一般用asked,可以在其後加上一個間接賓語me, him, her, us等。如:
She said,“Is your father at home?”
→She asked me if/whether my father was at home.
“What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me.
→My friend asked me what I did every Sunday.
直接引語如果是祈使句,改為間接引語時,要將祈使句的動詞原形變為帶to的不定式,並在不定式的前面根據原句的語氣(即請求或命令)加上ask, tell, order等動詞,如果祈使句為否定式,則在不定式前加not。其句型為:ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如:
She said to us,“Please sit down.”
→She asked us to sit down.
He said to him,“Go away!”
→He ordered him to go away.
He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”
→He told the boys not to make so much noise.
二. 各種時態的被動語態
被動語態概述
被動語態的概念:它是動詞的一種形式,表示主語與謂語之間的執行或被執行關係。主動語態表示主語是謂語動作的執行者,例如:They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被動語態表示主語是謂語動作的承受者,例如:The little boy was seen crying by the river.
被動語態的構成
被動語態的形式是由“助動詞be+動詞的過去分詞”構成。助動詞be隨着主語的人稱、數、時態等的不同而變化。幾種常見時態的被動語態形式如下:
1. 一般現在時 am/is/are + 過去分詞
例如:Rice is planted in the south of China.
2. 一般過去時 was/were + 過去分詞
例如:These trees were planted the year before last.
3. 一般將來時 will/shall + be + 過去分詞
例如:A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.
4. 現在進行時 am/is/are + being + 過去分詞
例如:Your radio is being repaired now.
5. 過去進行時 was/were + being + 過去分詞
When he got there, the problem was being discussed.
6. 現在完成時 have/has + been + 過去分詞
His work has been finished.
Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t.
7. 過去完成時 had + been + 過去分詞
注意:
1.除了be之外的其它系動詞如get, stay等也可以和過去分詞構成被動語態。例如:Their questions haven’t got answered.
2. 含有情態動詞的謂語變成被動語態使用“情態動詞+ be + 過去分詞”結構。例如:
More attention should be paid to the old in this country.
This work can’t be done until Mr. Black comes.
3. 含有“be going to”, “be to”等結構的謂語,其被動語態分別用“be going to + be + 過去分詞”和“be to + be + 過去分詞”。例如:
The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.
All these books are to be taken to the library.
4. 被動語態與系表結構的區別:“連繫動詞+用作表語的過去分詞”構成的系表結構,與被動語態的形式完全一樣,所以應注意它們的區別。被動語態中的過去分詞是動詞,多強調動作;系表結構中的過去分詞相當於形容詞,多強調狀態。前者通常可用by 引出動作的執行者,而後者則不可以。例如:
The map was changed by someone.(被動結構)
That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.(系表結構)
系表結構中的過去分詞通常可被very修飾,被動語態中的過去分詞往往要用much修飾。
例如:
He was very excited.(系表結構)
He was much excited by her words.(被動結構)
5. 主動形式表被動意義。有些動詞的主動形式有被動意味,如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此時句子的主語一般是物。例如:
These books sell well. 這些書很暢銷。
The door won’t shut. 這門關不上。
The clothes wash well. 這些衣服很好洗。
精選高一英語重點語法總結三篇3
現在進行時
1. 表示現在 (説話瞬間) 正在進行或發生的動作。
[例句] He is reading a newspaper now.
2. 表示當前一段時間內的活動或現階段正在進行的動作 (説話時動作不一定正在進行)。
[例句] What are you doing these days?
3. 表示説話人現在對主語的行為表示讚歎或厭惡等, 常與always, constantly, continually等副詞連用。
[例句] He is always thinking of others.
4. 表示在最近按計劃或安排要進行的動作。常限於go, come, leave, start, arrive等表“移動”、“方向”的詞。
[例句] He is coming to see me next week.
過去進行時
1. 表示過去某時正在進行的動作。
[例句] He was sleeping when Mary came to see him.
2. 動詞go, come, leave, arrive, start等的過去進行時常表過去將來時。
[例句] She said she was going to Beijing the day after tomorrow.
一般現在時
1. 表示現在習慣或經常反覆發生的動作或存在的狀態, 常與usually, always, sometimes, often, every day / week / month / year等時間狀語連用。
[例句] He often does his homework in his study.
2. 表示主語現在的'特徵、性格和狀態。
[例句] The dictionary belongs to me.
3. 表示客觀規律或科學真理、格言, 以及其他不受時間限制的客觀存在。
[例句] The moon goes around the sun.
4. 在有連詞if, unless, before, as soon as, when, once, however等引導的時間、條件和讓步狀語從句中, 用一般現在時表將來。
[例句] If you work hard, you won’t fail in the exam.
一般過去時
1. 表示過去某一時間發生的動作或存在的狀態。
[例句] She went to the zoo yesterday.
2. 在時間、條件狀語從句中代替過去將來時。
[例句] He said when she came he would tell her.
一般將來時
1. 表示將來發生的動作或存在的狀態, 常與表示將來的時間狀語連用。
[例句] I don’t know what will happen in the future.
2. 常用來表示將來時的結構包括:
(1) shall / will + 動詞原形:(單純) 表將來, 一般不用於條件句。
(2) be going to + 動詞原形:(計劃)打算做……。
(3) be about to + 動詞原形:即將或正要去做某事,通常不與時間狀語連用,但可與when引導的從句連用。
(4) be to + 動詞原形:預定要做……。
(5) be doing 表示按計劃、安排即將發生的動作,常與go, start, set out, leave, reach, arrive, return, come, move等表位移的動詞連用。
現在完成時
1. 表示過去發生或已經完成的某一動作對現在造成的影響或結果。
[例句] —Have you had your supper yet? —Yes, I have just had it.
2. 常與介詞for, during, in, within, over等引導的時間狀語連用, 表示過去的某一行為一直延續到現在。
[例句] I haven’t seen my English teacher for a long time.
3. 表示反覆或習慣性的動作, 常與several times, once, twice, frequently等頻度副詞連用。
[例句] I have been to the USA several times.
4. 表示從過去到現在沒有發生過的動作。
[例句] I haven’t swept the floor for a week.
5. 用在時間、條件狀語從句中, 表示從句動作先於主句動作完成。
[例句] I’ll tell him after you have left.
6. 在“級+ 名詞”或在“這是第幾次…”之後跟定語從句,從句用現在完成時。
[例句] ①This is the third time I have been there.
②This is the best tea I have ever drunk.
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